Getting your baby to properly latch is essential for successful breastfeeding, but sometimes that doesn’t happen so naturally.
That’s not to say it can’t or won’t happen. With all the support and expertise that is available to help you, breastfeeding is achievable and rewarding for almost all new moms. Knowing that this is the best gift you can give your baby helps make the effort even more worthwhile.
在你的宝宝出生之前，获取可用的母乳喂养资源。你的提供者，医院和社区是提供产前母乳喂养课程的资源。在这些课程中，老师会用视频和/或人体模型进行全面的指导，向你的宝宝展示如何闩上，以及你可以做些什么来让你们双方都能更容易地母乳喂养。另外有价值的产前资源是母乳喂养婴儿的妇女和母乳会。
Achieving good lactation
Here are five basic steps that can help your baby achieve good lactation and you find breastfeeding even more enjoyable and rewarding.
1. Figure out in advance the most comfortable position you can remain in for an extended period.
Most women prefer a reclining position. When you lean back, you don’t have to support the baby as much because baby rests on your body. Your baby’s instincts will kick in and baby can latch on with less effort because it’s easier to lift and turn the head and use the hands.
Finding a comfortable position is important because breastfeeding positions that aren’t comfortable can contribute to back pain in new moms. When preparing to breastfeed, remember to have a full water bottle near you so you can stay hydrated. Ask your partner to hold your baby while you get into position. Prop pillows to provide extra support.
How do you find your comfortable position? By experimentation:
- Cradle:Sit straight up and place your baby in the crook, or elbow area, of the arm on the same side as the breast you are using for feeding. Baby’s body should sit lengthwise across the front of your body. Roll baby’s body toward your body so you are belly-to-belly. Baby’s mouth should be positioned near your feeding breast. Use the opposite hand to support your feeding breast. You should not be able to see baby’s arm that is closest to your body.
- Cross-cradle:坐着时，用对着乳房的手托住宝宝的头宝宝用左手喂右乳房，右手喂左乳房。婴儿的嘴应该靠近哺乳的乳房。宝宝的身体应该在你的身体前面纵向坐着，向你的身体倾斜，这样你们两个都是肚子对肚子。就像在摇篮里一样，你不应该看到宝宝最靠近你身体的手臂。
- Football or clutch:Sit straight up and hold your baby at your side face up. Baby’s body will wrap around the outside of your body with baby’s mouth positioned near your feeding breast. Support baby’s body on a pillow. Use your hand on the same side as the feeding breast to support your baby’s head. Tuck baby’s arm under on the same side as the breast being used for feeding. This position is often preferred by women who have had a cesarean delivery because it keeps pressure off your belly.
- Side-lying using modified cradle:Lie on your side and place your baby next to you with your body and baby’s body facing each other. Try using a pillow under your arm or, if that is uncomfortable, place your baby in the crook of your arm. This position should result in keeping your baby’s head at an angle that easily brings baby and breast together. Baby’s head will be positioned higher than the tummy. This is more helpful for babies who are prone to spit up.
- Laid-back breastfeeding:Lean back in a recliner or recline in bed. Place your baby on your stomach on top of you. Support the side of your baby’s head if the baby is unable to hold the head up yet.
2. Begin breastfeeding as quickly as possible after the birth.
这更有可能使你的宝宝的先天能力，锁定将发挥作用，并刺激你的乳汁供应迅速发展。婴儿裸露的皮肤在你裸露的皮肤旁边也会刺激这些反射。你可能会惊讶于你的宝宝这么快就开始生根并寻找乳头。Keep these tips in mind:
- 尽可能将宝宝肌肤贴在胸前，即使不是母乳喂养，也会帮助你更熟悉宝宝的喂养线索。
- Uncover your baby and your chest as much as possible during breastfeeding. Babies that are dressed too warm are more likely to doze during feedings. If you feel chilled or are concerned your baby might get chilled, put a light blanket loosely over both of you.
3. Encourage your baby to nurse.
Watch for your baby’s signs or cues that it’s feeding time and put the baby to your breast when baby cues. Don’t wait for the baby to cry. Crying is one of the last feeding cues. Generally, the baby latches and breastfeeds better if feeding takes place before the baby begins crying and is frustrated. Trying to get your baby to wait longer between feedings by offering a pacifier instead of the breast is not advisable. Let your baby determine feeding times. Because skin-to-skin contact encourages reflexes, place baby on your body so baby’s cheek and chin touches your breasts.
- Babies should wake and cue to breastfeed about eight to 12 times in 24 hours. Cues include rooting, licking or sucking motions, bobbing the head or bringing a hand to the face or mouth.
- 如果你的宝宝很困，24小时内至少有8次没有提示喂食，那么叫醒他，让他更频繁地喂食。白天每两小时坚持一次，晚上至少每三到四个小时坚持一次。
- If your baby falls asleep within minutes of latching on, massage your breast as baby nurses. Stroke downward and inward on the breast, which will provide a flush of milk that will likely reinvigorate baby’s sucking.
4. Help your baby to latch properly.
Support your breast from underneath with your hand. Your baby’s bottom lip should be at the base of your areola and the nose opposite your nipple. When done correctly, baby should have a big mouthful of your breast, including both nipple and areola. The chin and nose should be touching your breast, and your baby’s lips should be flanged outward like a trumpet or fish lips. Rub or gently squeeze your nipple to compress the areola and make a little milk come out. Your baby will smell it and latch on. Here are some suggestions for helping your baby latch:
- 你可以尝试C型保持，也就是把你的拇指放在乳房上方，手指放在乳房下方，形成一个“C”形。手指应该放在乳头后面大约1-1/2到2英寸。这适用于摇篮或交叉摇篮的位置。
- A U-hold is the term used for positioning your hand with your thumb on one side of the breast and your fingers on the other, creating a “U” shape. This is often used when a baby is placed in the football position.
- 如果你的乳房较小，那么在宝宝开始哺乳后，你可能不需要继续使用c型或u型抱姿，但乳房较大的妈妈通常会在整个哺乳过程中保持抱姿。
- If baby isn’t showing interest in latching, use your nipple to stroke the baby from the nose to the lower lip in a downward motion. Wait for baby’s mouth to open. Then, quickly bring baby and your breast together.
- When baby is latched, the lips should not be pursed or rolled in. If you were to roll down your baby’s lower lip, you should see baby’s tongue gliding in front of the lower gum. You should be able to feel baby’s tongue cupping your nipple.
- 不要用拇指按压乳晕附近。一些妈妈这样做，认为宝宝的脸看起来深埋在皮肤里，这样做可以帮助宝宝更好地呼吸。然而，它会把你的乳头从宝宝的嘴后面拉出来，那才是它应该在的地方。
- Babies’ noses are flatter at birth and in early months because this allows them to latch on and still breathe. If you really are concerned about your baby’s breathing, pull the baby’s lower body closer to you or lift your breast rather than pressing downward on it.
5. Learn how to identify a good latch.
如果你感到胸部有牵拉感，那是个好迹象。检查宝宝的嘴唇是否在乳头和乳晕周围。如果它们没有完全围绕该区域，你可能会得到疼痛的乳头，你的宝宝得不到良好的喂养。
同时，检查宝宝是否有奶水。看宝宝的太阳穴和下颌。如果两者都在持续运动，你偶尔会听到婴儿的小喘息或噪音，这意味着婴儿在喝水和呼气。在开始的时候，当你的牛奶还没有进来，这不会很明显，因为初乳不丰富，不像牛奶一样容易流动。
Keep this information in mind to ensure baby is latching correctly and gaining appropriate weight:
- 如果你宝宝的门闩很浅，喂奶的时间会更长，宝宝的奶水会更少。你的乳头会变得疼痛，可能会破裂和疼痛。这将使你和宝宝更难享受喂食时间。如果你能看出插销不好，把婴儿从乳房上拉下来，再试一次。尝试不同的姿势来获得更好的门闩。
- In general, avoid switching breasts every few minutes, particularly, if your baby has trouble getting a good latch. Switching back and forth may interfere with your baby getting enough of the calorie-rich hindmilk, which your baby gets more of as a feeding continues on one breast. Please note that some providers recommend switching breasts frequently if your baby continually falls asleep during feedings.
当你越来越习惯母乳喂养时，你可能会通过你感受到的拉扯的程度来判断宝宝是否获得了足够的母乳。
Getting breastfeeding help
Having sore or tender breasts is common in early weeks of breastfeeding; however, you shouldn’t feel pain or discomfort all the way through a feeding. If that’s the case, something isn’t working correctly. Additionally, if your baby is not gaining weight adequately, a poor latch may be the cause.
当婴儿在出生后的头几天内仍然存在闭锁或吸吮困难时，就会令人沮丧。大多数婴儿确实能有效地学会母乳喂养——有些比其他婴儿学得慢一点!Until the issue resolves, there areseveral things you can doto help breastfeeding progress to make sure your baby is getting enough to eat.
Talk to your health care provider and a certified lactation consultant if you are having difficulty. Lactation consultants are experts who can easily identify positioning and other factors that may be impacting feedings. They can also help with special feeding strategies when your baby has a physical impediment that makes breastfeeding more difficult. And they can assist you with alternative feeding methods, if advisable. Best of all, they are a source of knowledge and comfort that will help you and your baby achieve success.
Sanford Health offers support for every mom, whether you’re breastfeeding, pumping or formula feeding.Learn more about lactation services.
Learn more
- 5 breastfeeding FAQs for new moms
- The best breastfeeding positions
- Breastfeeding: Why it’s good for mom and baby
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Posted InChildren's,Health Information,Women's
